一篇文章中一般会出现3-5句长难句，而且还至少命制一道针对长难句理解的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。长难句可从语法成分和句子间关系两个层面来分析，下面列举了一些实例，同学们可参考分析，考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。
2018长难句：从语法成分来分析三大经典句式
1.名词性从句
Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.
[参考译文]
网络文化非常推崇这样一种理念：出现在用户屏幕上的信息应该是根据用户特定要求发送过来的。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是Online culture thinks highly of the notion that...，其中notion后面的that引导一个同位语从句，说明notion的具体内容;同位语从句的主干是the information...comes there...，其中flowing onto the screen作定语，修饰the information，句末的by specific request作状语，修饰come there。
2.定语从句
(1)The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of faly firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.
[参考译文]
通过雇用大量的职业人才，这一变化满足了新时代的技术要求，防止了效率下降——在过去，这种效率下降经常使家族公司在充满活力的创业者之后的第二代或第三代毁掉全部财产。
[结构分析]
本句是一个并列句，以and连接;第一个分句的主干是The change met the technical requirements...，后面的介词结构by engaging a large professional element作状语，说明met the technical requirements of the new age的方式;第二个分句的主干是(the change) prevented the decline in efficiency，后面的that引导的定语从句修饰decline in efficiency。注意：engage此处的意思是 雇，聘 。
(2)A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
[参考译文]
1996年进行的一项新闻调查表明，反科学的标签还被贴在其他许多团体身上——从主张消灭最后剩下的各种天花病毒的机构，到主张减少基础研究经费的共和党人。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是A survey...reveals that...，主语是survey，谓语是reveals，后面的that引导一个宾语从句，其主干是：the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well，后面的部分是from和to连接的两个名词：from authorities...to Republicans...，说明other groups的内容，而两个名词后面各自带一个定语从句，都由who引导。
The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers。
[参考译文]
读者对新闻媒体令人惊讶的不信任并非源于报道失实或报道技能较差，而是源于记者和读者之间世界观的日常冲突。
[结构分析]
本句的主干是distrust ... isn’t rooted in... but in... (不信任的根源不是…而是…)，其中be rooted in... 的意思是 根源在于… 。注意：这是一种特殊句式，重点在but之后的部分。
3.状语从句
Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt tightening.
[参考译文]
消费者们看上去只是有点担心，而没有恐慌，很多消费者说尽管他们正在把开支紧缩一点，但是他们对经济的长期前景仍然保持乐观。
[结构分析]
本句是以and连接的并列句，其中第二个分句的主干是many say...，say后面的部分是宾语从句，其中还包含一个as引导的让步状语从句。
